A bus scheduler studied the time taken to travel a particular route during off-peak times over a period of several months. He found that the time taken for the outbound journey had a mean of 28.5 minutes and a standard deviation of 3.2 minutes, while the time taken for the inbound journey had a mean of 30.1 minutes and a standard deviation of 2.6 minutes. The scheduler is interested (among other matters) in the difference between the times taken to complete the outbound and inbound legs of a round trip. Define D such that it is “outbound trip” ― “inbound trip”. Determine the standard deviation of the variable D.
If X and Y are two independent random variables,
V(X+Y) = V(X-Y) = V(X)+V(Y)
And so, if the variables defined (“outbound trip” and “inbound trip”) are independent
V(D) = V(outbound) +V(inbound trip) =3.2^2 + 2.6^2 = 17.
SD(D) = sqrt(17) = 4.123